diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/build.rb b/Library/Homebrew/build.rb
index 5ee369389a..aef1cc3df4 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/build.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/build.rb
@@ -79,10 +79,11 @@ class Build
       ENV.deps = formula_deps
       ENV.run_time_deps = run_time_deps
       ENV.setup_build_environment(
-        formula:      formula,
-        cc:           args.cc,
-        build_bottle: args.build_bottle?,
-        bottle_arch:  args.bottle_arch,
+        formula:       formula,
+        cc:            args.cc,
+        build_bottle:  args.build_bottle?,
+        bottle_arch:   args.bottle_arch,
+        debug_symbols: args.debug_symbols?,
       )
       reqs.each do |req|
         req.modify_build_environment(
@@ -96,6 +97,7 @@ class Build
         cc:           args.cc,
         build_bottle: args.build_bottle?,
         bottle_arch:  args.bottle_arch,
+        debug_symbols: args.debug_symbols?,
       )
       reqs.each do |req|
         req.modify_build_environment(
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV.rb b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV.rb
index 12ef1af60d..40bb592a87 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV.rb
@@ -40,12 +40,22 @@ module EnvActivation
       _block:       T.proc.returns(T.untyped),
     ).returns(T.untyped)
   }
-  def with_build_environment(env: nil, cc: nil, build_bottle: false, bottle_arch: nil, &_block)
+  def with_build_environment(
+    env: nil,
+    cc: nil,
+    build_bottle: false,
+    bottle_arch: nil,
+    debug_symbols: false,
+    &_block
+  )
     old_env = to_hash.dup
     tmp_env = to_hash.dup.extend(EnvActivation)
     T.cast(tmp_env, EnvActivation).activate_extensions!(env: env)
     T.cast(tmp_env, T.any(Superenv, Stdenv))
-     .setup_build_environment(cc: cc, build_bottle: build_bottle, bottle_arch: bottle_arch)
+     .setup_build_environment(
+       cc: cc, build_bottle: build_bottle, bottle_arch: bottle_arch,
+       debug_symbols: debug_symbols,
+     )
     replace(tmp_env)
 
     begin
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/shared.rb b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/shared.rb
index bccd15aaf5..f31400733c 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/shared.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/shared.rb
@@ -40,13 +40,22 @@ module SharedEnvExtension
       build_bottle:    T.nilable(T::Boolean),
       bottle_arch:     T.nilable(String),
       testing_formula: T::Boolean,
+      debug_symbols:   T.nilable(T::Boolean),
     ).void
   }
-  def setup_build_environment(formula: nil, cc: nil, build_bottle: false, bottle_arch: nil, testing_formula: false)
+  def setup_build_environment(
+    formula: nil,
+    cc: nil,
+    build_bottle: false,
+    bottle_arch: nil,
+    testing_formula: false,
+    debug_symbols: false
+  )
     @formula = formula
     @cc = cc
     @build_bottle = build_bottle
     @bottle_arch = bottle_arch
+    @debug_symbols = debug_symbols
     reset
   end
   private :setup_build_environment
@@ -315,9 +324,6 @@ module SharedEnvExtension
   sig { void }
   def permit_arch_flags; end
 
-  sig { void }
-  def debug_symbols; end
-
   # @private
   sig { params(cc: T.any(Symbol, String)).returns(T::Boolean) }
   def compiler_any_clang?(cc = compiler)
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/std.rb b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/std.rb
index ba4caa1a80..fb3cc6d570 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/std.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/std.rb
@@ -23,7 +23,14 @@ module Stdenv
       testing_formula: T::Boolean,
     ).void
   }
-  def setup_build_environment(formula: nil, cc: nil, build_bottle: false, bottle_arch: nil, testing_formula: false)
+  def setup_build_environment(
+    formula: nil,
+    cc: nil,
+    build_bottle: false,
+    bottle_arch: nil,
+    testing_formula: false,
+    debug_symbols: false
+  )
     super
 
     self["HOMEBREW_ENV"] = "std"
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/super.rb b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/super.rb
index c199714866..3ddaaad7e6 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/super.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/extend/ENV/super.rb
@@ -57,7 +57,14 @@ module Superenv
       testing_formula: T::Boolean,
     ).void
   }
-  def setup_build_environment(formula: nil, cc: nil, build_bottle: false, bottle_arch: nil, testing_formula: false)
+  def setup_build_environment(
+    formula: nil,
+    cc: nil,
+    build_bottle: false,
+    bottle_arch: nil,
+    testing_formula: false,
+    debug_symbols: false
+  )
     super
     send(compiler)
 
@@ -87,6 +94,8 @@ module Superenv
     self["HOMEBREW_DEPENDENCIES"] = determine_dependencies
     self["HOMEBREW_FORMULA_PREFIX"] = @formula.prefix unless @formula.nil?
 
+    set_debug_symbols if debug_symbols
+
     # The HOMEBREW_CCCFG ENV variable is used by the ENV/cc tool to control
     # compiler flag stripping. It consists of a string of characters which act
     # as flags. Some of these flags are mutually exclusive.
@@ -283,9 +292,7 @@ module Superenv
 
   sig { returns(String) }
   def determine_cccfg
-    # TODO: temporarily hard code symbol generation
-    # ""
-    "D"
+    ""
   end
 
   public
@@ -335,8 +342,7 @@ module Superenv
   end
 
   sig { void }
-  def debug_symbols
-    # TODO: how do I get this method called?
+  def set_debug_symbols
     append_to_cccfg "D" if OS.mac?
   end
 
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/linux/extend/ENV/std.rb b/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/linux/extend/ENV/std.rb
index 76d564cd59..73bc4e2a91 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/linux/extend/ENV/std.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/linux/extend/ENV/std.rb
@@ -2,10 +2,18 @@
 # frozen_string_literal: true
 
 module Stdenv
-  def setup_build_environment(formula: nil, cc: nil, build_bottle: false, bottle_arch: nil, testing_formula: false)
+  def setup_build_environment(
+    formula: nil,
+    cc: nil,
+    build_bottle: false,
+    bottle_arch: nil,
+    testing_formula: false,
+    debug_symbols: false
+  )
     generic_setup_build_environment(
       formula: formula, cc: cc, build_bottle: build_bottle,
-      bottle_arch: bottle_arch, testing_formula: testing_formula
+      bottle_arch: bottle_arch, testing_formula: testing_formula,
+      debug_symbols: debug_symbols,
     )
 
     prepend_path "CPATH", HOMEBREW_PREFIX/"include"
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/linux/extend/ENV/super.rb b/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/linux/extend/ENV/super.rb
index bbfc418214..074f842099 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/linux/extend/ENV/super.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/linux/extend/ENV/super.rb
@@ -15,10 +15,18 @@ module Superenv
   end
 
   # @private
-  def setup_build_environment(formula: nil, cc: nil, build_bottle: false, bottle_arch: nil, testing_formula: false)
+  def setup_build_environment(
+    formula: nil,
+    cc: nil,
+    build_bottle: false,
+    bottle_arch: nil,
+    testing_formula: false,
+    debug_symbols: false
+  )
     generic_setup_build_environment(
       formula: formula, cc: cc, build_bottle: build_bottle,
-      bottle_arch: bottle_arch, testing_formula: testing_formula
+      bottle_arch: bottle_arch, testing_formula: testing_formula,
+      debug_symbols: debug_symbols,
     )
     self["HOMEBREW_OPTIMIZATION_LEVEL"] = "O2"
     self["HOMEBREW_DYNAMIC_LINKER"] = determine_dynamic_linker_path
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/mac/extend/ENV/shared.rb b/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/mac/extend/ENV/shared.rb
index a690791acc..7db7a5f8fd 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/mac/extend/ENV/shared.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/mac/extend/ENV/shared.rb
@@ -4,10 +4,18 @@
 module SharedEnvExtension
   extend T::Sig
 
-  def setup_build_environment(formula: nil, cc: nil, build_bottle: false, bottle_arch: nil, testing_formula: false)
+  def setup_build_environment(
+    formula: nil,
+    cc: nil,
+    build_bottle: false,
+    bottle_arch: nil,
+    testing_formula: false,
+    debug_symbols: false
+  )
     generic_shared_setup_build_environment(
       formula: formula, cc: cc, build_bottle: build_bottle,
-      bottle_arch: bottle_arch, testing_formula: testing_formula
+      bottle_arch: bottle_arch, testing_formula: testing_formula,
+      debug_symbols: debug_symbols,
     )
 
     # Normalise the system Perl version used, where multiple may be available
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/mac/extend/ENV/std.rb b/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/mac/extend/ENV/std.rb
index d40fcec500..7368ec4696 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/mac/extend/ENV/std.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/mac/extend/ENV/std.rb
@@ -10,10 +10,18 @@ module Stdenv
     ["#{HOMEBREW_LIBRARY}/Homebrew/os/mac/pkgconfig/#{MacOS.version}"]
   end
 
-  def setup_build_environment(formula: nil, cc: nil, build_bottle: false, bottle_arch: nil, testing_formula: false)
+  def setup_build_environment(
+    formula: nil,
+    cc: nil,
+    build_bottle: false,
+    bottle_arch: nil,
+    testing_formula: false,
+    debug_symbols: false
+  )
     generic_setup_build_environment(
       formula: formula, cc: cc, build_bottle: build_bottle,
-      bottle_arch: bottle_arch, testing_formula: testing_formula
+      bottle_arch: bottle_arch, testing_formula: testing_formula,
+      debug_symbols: debug_symbols,
     )
 
     append "LDFLAGS", "-Wl,-headerpad_max_install_names"
diff --git a/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/mac/extend/ENV/super.rb b/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/mac/extend/ENV/super.rb
index c05535a800..258970240e 100644
--- a/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/mac/extend/ENV/super.rb
+++ b/Library/Homebrew/extend/os/mac/extend/ENV/super.rb
@@ -85,7 +85,14 @@ module Superenv
   end
 
   # @private
-  def setup_build_environment(formula: nil, cc: nil, build_bottle: false, bottle_arch: nil, testing_formula: false)
+  def setup_build_environment(
+    formula: nil,
+    cc: nil,
+    build_bottle: false,
+    bottle_arch: nil,
+    testing_formula: false,
+    debug_symbols: false
+  )
     sdk = formula ? MacOS.sdk_for_formula(formula) : MacOS.sdk
     is_xcode_sdk = sdk&.source == :xcode
 
@@ -102,7 +109,8 @@ module Superenv
 
     generic_setup_build_environment(
       formula: formula, cc: cc, build_bottle: build_bottle,
-      bottle_arch: bottle_arch, testing_formula: testing_formula
+      bottle_arch: bottle_arch, testing_formula: testing_formula,
+      debug_symbols: debug_symbols,
     )
 
     # Filter out symbols known not to be defined since GNU Autotools can't