brew(1) -- The missing package manager for macOS
===============================================
## SYNOPSIS
`brew` `--version`
`brew` command [`--verbose`|`-v`] [options] [formula] ...
## DESCRIPTION
Homebrew is the easiest and most flexible way to install the UNIX tools Apple
didn't include with macOS.
## ESSENTIAL COMMANDS
For the full command list, see the [COMMANDS][] section.
With `--verbose` or `-v`, many commands print extra debugging information. Note that these flags should only appear after a command.
* `install` formula:
Install formula.
* `uninstall` formula:
Uninstall formula.
* `update`:
Fetch the newest version of Homebrew from GitHub using `git`(1).
* `list`:
List all installed formulae.
* `search` (text|`/`text`/`):
Perform a substring search of formula names for text. If text is
surrounded with slashes, then it is interpreted as a regular expression.
The search for text is extended online to some popular taps.
If no search term is given, all locally available formulae are listed.
## COMMANDS
* `analytics` [`state`]:
Display anonymous user behaviour analytics state.
Read more at .
* `analytics` (`on`|`off`):
Turn on/off Homebrew's analytics.
* `analytics` `regenerate-uuid`:
Regenerate UUID used in Homebrew's analytics.
* `cat` formula:
Display the source to formula.
* `cleanup` [`--prune=`days] [`--dry-run`] [`-s`] [formulae]:
For all installed or specific formulae, remove any older versions from the
cellar. In addition, old downloads from the Homebrew download-cache are deleted.
If `--prune=`days is specified, remove all cache files older than days.
If `--dry-run` or `-n` is passed, show what would be removed, but do not
actually remove anything.
If `-s` is passed, scrub the cache, removing downloads for even the latest
versions of formulae. Note downloads for any installed formulae will still not be
deleted. If you want to delete those too: `rm -rf $(brew --cache)`
* `command` cmd:
Display the path to the file which is used when invoking `brew` cmd.
* `commands` [`--quiet` [`--include-aliases`]]:
Show a list of built-in and external commands.
If `--quiet` is passed, list only the names of commands without the header.
With `--include-aliases`, the aliases of internal commands will be included.
* `config`:
Show Homebrew and system configuration useful for debugging. If you file
a bug report, you will likely be asked for this information if you do not
provide it.
* `deps` [`--1`] [`-n`] [`--union`] [`--full-name`] [`--installed`] [`--include-build`] [`--include-optional`] [`--skip-recommended`] formulae:
Show dependencies for formulae. When given multiple formula arguments,
show the intersection of dependencies for formulae.
If `--1` is passed, only show dependencies one level down, instead of
recursing.
If `-n` is passed, show dependencies in topological order.
If `--union` is passed, show the union of dependencies for formulae,
instead of the intersection.
If `--full-name` is passed, list dependencies by their full name.
If `--installed` is passed, only list those dependencies that are
currently installed.
By default, `deps` shows required and recommended dependencies for
formulae. To include the `:build` type dependencies, pass `--include-build`.
Similarly, pass `--include-optional` to include `:optional` dependencies.
To skip `:recommended` type dependencies, pass `--skip-recommended`.
* `deps` `--tree` [filters] (formulae|`--installed`):
Show dependencies as a tree. When given multiple formula arguments, output
individual trees for every formula.
If `--installed` is passed, output a tree for every installed formula.
The filters placeholder is any combination of options `--include-build`,
`--include-optional`, and `--skip-recommended` as documented above.
* `deps` [filters] (`--installed`|`--all`):
Show dependencies for installed or all available formulae. Every line of
output starts with the formula name, followed by a colon and all direct
dependencies of that formula.
The filters placeholder is any combination of options `--include-build`,
`--include-optional`, and `--skip-recommended` as documented above.
* `desc` formula:
Display formula's name and one-line description.
* `desc` [`-s`|`-n`|`-d`] (text|`/`text`/`):
Search both name and description (`-s`), just the names (`-n`), or just the
descriptions (`-d`) for text. If text is flanked by slashes, it is interpreted
as a regular expression. Formula descriptions are cached; the cache is created on
the first search, making that search slower than subsequent ones.
* `diy` [`--name=`name] [`--version=`version]:
Automatically determine the installation prefix for non-Homebrew software.
Using the output from this command, you can install your own software into
the Cellar and then link it into Homebrew's prefix with `brew link`.
The options `--name=`name and `--version=`version each take an argument
and allow you to explicitly set the name and version of the package you are
installing.
* `doctor`:
Check your system for potential problems. Doctor exits with a non-zero status
if any problems are found.
* `fetch` [`--force`] [`--retry`] [`-v`] [`--devel`|`--HEAD`] [`--deps`] [`--build-from-source`|`--force-bottle`] formulae:
Download the source packages for the given formulae.
For tarballs, also print SHA-256 checksums.
If `--HEAD` or `--devel` is passed, fetch that version instead of the
stable version.
If `-v` is passed, do a verbose VCS checkout, if the URL represents a VCS.
This is useful for seeing if an existing VCS cache has been updated.
If `--force` is passed, remove a previously cached version and re-fetch.
If `--retry` is passed, retry if a download fails or re-download if the
checksum of a previously cached version no longer matches.
If `--deps` is passed, also download dependencies for any listed formulae.
If `--build-from-source` is passed, download the source rather than a
bottle.
If `--force-bottle` is passed, download a bottle if it exists for the
current or newest version of macOS, even if it would not be used during
installation.
* `gist-logs` [`--new-issue`|`-n`] formula:
Upload logs for a failed build of formula to a new Gist.
formula is usually the name of the formula to install, but it can be specified
in several different ways. See [SPECIFYING FORMULAE][].
If `--new-issue` is passed, automatically create a new issue in the appropriate
GitHub repository as well as creating the Gist.
If no logs are found, an error message is presented.
* `home`:
Open Homebrew's own homepage in a browser.
* `home` formula:
Open formula's homepage in a browser.
* `info` formula:
Display information about formula.
* `info` `--github` formula:
Open a browser to the GitHub History page for formula formula.
To view formula history locally: `brew log -p formula`
* `info` `--json=`version (`--all`|`--installed`|formulae):
Print a JSON representation of formulae. Currently the only accepted value
for version is `v1`.
Pass `--all` to get information on all formulae, or `--installed` to get
information on all installed formulae.
See the docs for examples of using the JSON output:
* `install` [`--debug`] [`--env=`(`std`|`super`)] [`--ignore-dependencies`|`--only-dependencies`] [`--cc=`compiler] [`--build-from-source`|`--force-bottle`] [`--devel`|`--HEAD`] [`--keep-tmp`] [`--build-bottle`] formula:
Install formula.
formula is usually the name of the formula to install, but it can be specified
in several different ways. See [SPECIFYING FORMULAE][].
If `--debug` is passed and brewing fails, open an interactive debugging
session with access to IRB or a shell inside the temporary build directory.
If `--env=std` is passed, use the standard build environment instead of superenv.
If `--env=super` is passed, use superenv even if the formula specifies the
standard build environment.
If `--ignore-dependencies` is passed, skip installing any dependencies of
any kind. If they are not already present, the formula will probably fail
to install.
If `--only-dependencies` is passed, install the dependencies with specified
options but do not install the specified formula.
If `--cc=`compiler is passed, attempt to compile using compiler.
compiler should be the name of the compiler's executable, for instance
`gcc-4.2` for Apple's GCC 4.2, or `gcc-4.9` for a Homebrew-provided GCC
4.9.
If `--build-from-source` or `-s` is passed, compile the specified formula from
source even if a bottle is provided. Dependencies will still be installed
from bottles if they are available.
If `HOMEBREW_BUILD_FROM_SOURCE` is set, regardless of whether `--build-from-source` was
passed, then both formula and the dependencies installed as part of this process
are built from source even if bottles are available.
If `--force-bottle` is passed, install from a bottle if it exists for the
current or newest version of macOS, even if it would not normally be used
for installation.
If `--devel` is passed, and formula defines it, install the development version.
If `--HEAD` is passed, and formula defines it, install the HEAD version,
aka master, trunk, unstable.
If `--keep-tmp` is passed, the temporary files created during installation
are not deleted.
If `--build-bottle` is passed, prepare the formula for eventual bottling
during installation.
* `install` `--interactive` [`--git`] formula:
Download and patch formula, then open a shell. This allows the user to
run `./configure --help` and otherwise determine how to turn the software
package into a Homebrew formula.
If `--git` is passed, Homebrew will create a Git repository, useful for
creating patches to the software.
* `irb` [`--examples`]:
Enter the interactive Homebrew Ruby shell.
If `--examples` is passed, several examples will be shown.
* `leaves`:
Show installed formulae that are not dependencies of another installed formula.
* `ln`, `link` [`--overwrite`] [`--dry-run`] [`--force`] formula:
Symlink all of formula's installed files into the Homebrew prefix. This
is done automatically when you install formulae but can be useful for DIY
installations.
If `--overwrite` is passed, Homebrew will delete files which already exist in
the prefix while linking.
If `--dry-run` or `-n` is passed, Homebrew will list all files which would
be linked or which would be deleted by `brew link --overwrite`, but will not
actually link or delete any files.
If `--force` is passed, Homebrew will allow keg-only formulae to be linked.
* `linkapps` [`--local`] [formulae]:
Find installed formulae that provide `.app`-style macOS apps and symlink them
into `/Applications`, allowing for easier access (deprecated).
Unfortunately `brew linkapps` cannot behave nicely with e.g. Spotlight using
either aliases or symlinks and Homebrew formulae do not build "proper" `.app`
bundles that can be relocated. Instead, please consider using `brew cask` and
migrate formulae using `.app`s to casks.
If no formulae are provided, all of them will have their apps symlinked.
If provided, `--local` will symlink them into the user's `~/Applications`
directory instead of the system directory.
* `list`, `ls` [`--full-name`]:
List all installed formulae. If `--full-name` is passed, print formulae
with fully-qualified names. If `--full-name` is not passed, any other
options (e.g. `-t`) are passed to `ls` which produces the actual output.
* `list`, `ls` `--unbrewed`:
List all files in the Homebrew prefix not installed by Homebrew.
* `list`, `ls` [`--versions` [`--multiple`]] [`--pinned`] [formulae]:
List the installed files for formulae. Combined with `--verbose`, recursively
list the contents of all subdirectories in each formula's keg.
If `--versions` is passed, show the version number for installed formulae,
or only the specified formulae if formulae are given. With `--multiple`,
only show formulae with multiple versions installed.
If `--pinned` is passed, show the versions of pinned formulae, or only the
specified (pinned) formulae if formulae are given.
See also `pin`, `unpin`.
* `log` [git-log-options] formula ...:
Show the git log for the given formulae. Options that `git-log`(1)
recognizes can be passed before the formula list.
* `migrate` [`--force`] formulae:
Migrate renamed packages to new name, where formulae are old names of
packages.
If `--force` is passed, then treat installed formulae and passed formulae
like if they are from same taps and migrate them anyway.
* `missing` [`--hide=`hidden] [formulae]:
Check the given formulae for missing dependencies. If no formulae are
given, check all installed brews.
If `--hide=`hidden is passed, act as if none of hidden are installed.
hidden should be a comma-separated list of formulae.
* `options` [`--compact`] (`--all`|`--installed`|formulae):
Display install options specific to formulae.
If `--compact` is passed, show all options on a single line separated by
spaces.
If `--all` is passed, show options for all formulae.
If `--installed` is passed, show options for all installed formulae.
* `outdated` [`--quiet`|`--verbose`|`--json=`version] [`--fetch-HEAD`]:
Show formulae that have an updated version available.
By default, version information is displayed in interactive shells, and
suppressed otherwise.
If `--quiet` is passed, list only the names of outdated brews (takes
precedence over `--verbose`).
If `--verbose` is passed, display detailed version information.
If `--json=`version is passed, the output will be in JSON format. The only
valid version is `v1`.
If `--fetch-HEAD` is passed, fetch the upstream repository to detect if
the HEAD installation of the formula is outdated. Otherwise, the
repository's HEAD will be checked for updates when a new stable or devel
version has been released.
* `pin` formulae:
Pin the specified formulae, preventing them from being upgraded when
issuing the `brew upgrade` command. See also `unpin`.
* `postinstall` formula:
Rerun the post-install steps for formula.
* `prune` [`--dry-run`]:
Remove dead symlinks from the Homebrew prefix. This is generally not
needed, but can be useful when doing DIY installations. Also remove broken
app symlinks from `/Applications` and `~/Applications` that were previously
created by `brew linkapps`.
If `--dry-run` or `-n` is passed, show what would be removed, but do not
actually remove anything.
* `reinstall` formula:
Uninstall and then install formula.
* `search`, `-S`:
Display all locally available formulae for brewing (including tapped ones).
No online search is performed if called without arguments.
* `search` [`--desc`] (text|`/`text`/`):
Perform a substring search of formula names for text. If text is
surrounded with slashes, then it is interpreted as a regular expression.
The search for text is extended online to some popular taps.
If `--desc` is passed, browse available packages matching text including a
description for each.
* `search` (`--debian`|`--fedora`|`--fink`|`--macports`|`--opensuse`|`--ubuntu`) text:
Search for text in the given package manager's list.
* `sh` [`--env=std`]:
Start a Homebrew build environment shell. Uses our years-battle-hardened
Homebrew build logic to help your `./configure && make && make install`
or even your `gem install` succeed. Especially handy if you run Homebrew
in an Xcode-only configuration since it adds tools like `make` to your `PATH`
which otherwise build systems would not find.
If `--env=std` is passed, use the standard `PATH` instead of superenv's.
* `style` [`--fix`] [`--display-cop-names`] [files|taps|formulae]:
Check formulae or files for conformance to Homebrew style guidelines.
formulae and files may not be combined. If both are omitted, style will run
style checks on the whole Homebrew `Library`, including core code and all
formulae.
If `--fix` is passed, style violations will be automatically fixed using
RuboCop's `--auto-correct` feature.
If `--display-cop-names` is passed, the RuboCop cop name for each violation
is included in the output.
Exits with a non-zero status if any style violations are found.
* `switch` name version:
Symlink all of the specific version of name's install to Homebrew prefix.
* `tap`:
List all installed taps.
* `tap` [`--full`] user`/`repo [URL]:
Tap a formula repository.
With URL unspecified, taps a formula repository from GitHub using HTTPS.
Since so many taps are hosted on GitHub, this command is a shortcut for
`tap user/repo https://github.com/user/homebrew-repo`.
With URL specified, taps a formula repository from anywhere, using
any transport protocol that `git` handles. The one-argument form of `tap`
simplifies but also limits. This two-argument command makes no
assumptions, so taps can be cloned from places other than GitHub and
using protocols other than HTTPS, e.g., SSH, GIT, HTTP, FTP(S), RSYNC.
By default, the repository is cloned as a shallow copy (`--depth=1`), but
if `--full` is passed, a full clone will be used. To convert a shallow copy
to a full copy, you can retap passing `--full` without first untapping.
`tap` is re-runnable and exits successfully if there's nothing to do.
However, retapping with a different URL will cause an exception, so first
`untap` if you need to modify the URL.
* `tap` `--repair`:
Migrate tapped formulae from symlink-based to directory-based structure.
* `tap` `--list-official`:
List all official taps.
* `tap` `--list-pinned`:
List all pinned taps.
* `tap-info`:
Display a brief summary of all installed taps.
* `tap-info` (`--installed`|taps):
Display detailed information about one or more taps.
Pass `--installed` to display information on all installed taps.
* `tap-info` `--json=`version (`--installed`|taps):
Print a JSON representation of taps. Currently the only accepted value
for version is `v1`.
Pass `--installed` to get information on installed taps.
See the docs for examples of using the JSON output:
* `tap-pin` tap:
Pin tap, prioritizing its formulae over core when formula names are supplied
by the user. See also `tap-unpin`.
* `tap-unpin` tap:
Unpin tap so its formulae are no longer prioritized. See also `tap-pin`.
* `uninstall`, `rm`, `remove` [`--force`] [`--ignore-dependencies`] formula:
Uninstall formula.
If `--force` is passed, and there are multiple versions of formula
installed, delete all installed versions.
If `--ignore-dependencies` is passed, uninstalling won't fail, even if
formulae depending on formula would still be installed.
* `unlink` [`--dry-run`] formula:
Remove symlinks for formula from the Homebrew prefix. This can be useful
for temporarily disabling a formula:
`brew unlink formula && commands && brew link formula`
If `--dry-run` or `-n` is passed, Homebrew will list all files which would
be unlinked, but will not actually unlink or delete any files.
* `unlinkapps` [`--local`] [`--dry-run`] [formulae]:
Remove symlinks created by `brew linkapps` from `/Applications` (deprecated).
Unfortunately `brew linkapps` cannot behave nicely with e.g. Spotlight using
either aliases or symlinks and Homebrew formulae do not build "proper" `.app`
bundles that can be relocated. Instead, please consider using `brew cask` and
migrate formulae using `.app`s to casks.
If no formulae are provided, all linked apps will be removed.
If provided, `--local` will remove symlinks from the user's `~/Applications`
directory instead of the system directory.
If `--dry-run` or `-n` is passed, Homebrew will list all symlinks which
would be removed, but will not actually delete any files.
* `unpack` [`--git`|`--patch`] [`--destdir=`path] formulae:
Unpack the source files for formulae into subdirectories of the current
working directory. If `--destdir=`path is given, the subdirectories will
be created in the directory named by path instead.
If `--patch` is passed, patches for formulae will be applied to the
unpacked source.
If `--git` is passed, a Git repository will be initialized in the unpacked
source. This is useful for creating patches for the software.
* `unpin` formulae:
Unpin formulae, allowing them to be upgraded by `brew upgrade`. See also
`pin`.
* `untap` tap:
Remove a tapped repository.
* `update` [`--merge`] [`--force`]:
Fetch the newest version of Homebrew and all formulae from GitHub using
`git`(1) and perform any necessary migrations.
If `--merge` is specified then `git merge` is used to include updates
(rather than `git rebase`).
If `--force` is specified then always do a slower, full update check even
if unnecessary.
* `upgrade` [install-options] [`--cleanup`] [`--fetch-HEAD`] [formulae]:
Upgrade outdated, unpinned brews.
Options for the `install` command are also valid here.
If `--cleanup` is specified then remove previously installed formula version(s).
If `--fetch-HEAD` is passed, fetch the upstream repository to detect if
the HEAD installation of the formula is outdated. Otherwise, the
repository's HEAD will be checked for updates when a new stable or devel
version has been released.
If formulae are given, upgrade only the specified brews (but do so even
if they are pinned; see `pin`, `unpin`).
* `uses` [`--installed`] [`--recursive`] [`--include-build`] [`--include-optional`] [`--skip-recommended`] [`--devel`|`--HEAD`] formulae:
Show the formulae that specify formulae as a dependency. When given
multiple formula arguments, show the intersection of formulae that use
formulae.
Use `--recursive` to resolve more than one level of dependencies.
If `--installed` is passed, only list installed formulae.
By default, `uses` shows all formulae that specify formulae as a required
or recommended dependency. To include the `:build` type dependencies, pass
`--include-build`. Similarly, pass `--include-optional` to include `:optional`
dependencies. To skip `:recommended` type dependencies, pass `--skip-recommended`.
By default, `uses` shows usages of formulae by stable builds. To find
cases where formulae is used by development or HEAD build, pass
`--devel` or `--HEAD`.
* `--cache`:
Display Homebrew's download cache. See also `HOMEBREW_CACHE`.
* `--cache` formula:
Display the file or directory used to cache formula.
* `--cellar`:
Display Homebrew's Cellar path. *Default:* `$(brew --prefix)/Cellar`, or if
that directory doesn't exist, `$(brew --repository)/Cellar`.
* `--cellar` formula:
Display the location in the cellar where formula would be installed,
without any sort of versioned directory as the last path.
* `--env`:
Show a summary of the Homebrew build environment.
* `--prefix`:
Display Homebrew's install path. *Default:* `/usr/local`
* `--prefix` formula:
Display the location in the cellar where formula is or would be installed.
* `--repository`:
Display where Homebrew's `.git` directory is located. For standard installs,
the `prefix` and `repository` are the same directory.
* `--repository` user`/`repo:
Display where tap user`/`repo's directory is located.
* `--version`:
Print the version number of Homebrew to standard output and exit.
## DEVELOPER COMMANDS
* `audit` [`--strict`] [`--fix`] [`--online`] [`--new-formula`] [`--display-cop-names`] [`--display-filename`] [formulae]:
Check formulae for Homebrew coding style violations. This should be
run before submitting a new formula.
If no formulae are provided, all of them are checked.
If `--strict` is passed, additional checks are run, including RuboCop
style checks.
If `--fix` is passed, style violations will be
automatically fixed using RuboCop's `--auto-correct` feature.
If `--online` is passed, additional slower checks that require a network
connection are run.
If `--new-formula` is passed, various additional checks are run that check
if a new formula is eligible for Homebrew. This should be used when creating
new formulae and implies `--strict` and `--online`.
If `--display-cop-names` is passed, the RuboCop cop name for each violation
is included in the output.
If `--display-filename` is passed, every line of output is prefixed with the
name of the file or formula being audited, to make the output easy to grep.
`audit` exits with a non-zero status if any errors are found. This is useful,
for instance, for implementing pre-commit hooks.
* `bottle` [`--verbose`] [`--no-rebuild`|`--keep-old`] [`--skip-relocation`] [`--root-url=`URL] [`--force-core-tap`] formulae:
Generate a bottle (binary package) from a formula installed with
`--build-bottle`.
If the formula specifies a rebuild version, it will be incremented in the
generated DSL. Passing `--keep-old` will attempt to keep it at its
original value, while `--no-rebuild` will remove it.
If `--verbose` is passed, print the bottling commands and any warnings
encountered.
If `--skip-relocation` is passed, do not check if the bottle can be marked
as relocatable.
If `--root-url` is passed, use the specified URL as the root of the
bottle's URL instead of Homebrew's default.
If `--force-core-tap` is passed, build a bottle even if formula is not
in homebrew/core or any installed taps.
* `bottle` `--merge` [`--keep-old`] [`--write` [`--no-commit`]] formulae:
Generate a bottle from a formula and print the new DSL merged into the
existing formula.
If `--write` is passed, write the changes to the formula file. A new
commit will then be generated unless `--no-commit` is passed.
* `bump-formula-pr` [`--devel`] [`--dry-run` [`--write`]] [`--audit`|`--strict`] [`--mirror=`URL] [`--version=`version] [`--message=`message] (`--url=`URL `--sha256=`sha-256|`--tag=`tag `--revision=`revision) formula:
Creates a pull request to update the formula with a new URL or a new tag.
If a URL is specified, the sha-256 checksum of the new download must
also be specified. A best effort to determine the sha-256 and formula
name will be made if either or both values are not supplied by the user.
If a tag is specified, the git commit revision corresponding to that
tag must also be specified.
If `--devel` is passed, bump the development rather than stable version.
The development spec must already exist.
If `--dry-run` is passed, print what would be done rather than doing it.
If `--write` is passed along with `--dry-run`, perform a not-so-dry run
making the expected file modifications but not taking any git actions.
If `--audit` is passed, run `brew audit` before opening the PR.
If `--strict` is passed, run `brew audit --strict` before opening the PR.
If `--mirror=`URL is passed, use the value as a mirror URL.
If `--version=`version is passed, use the value to override the value
parsed from the URL or tag. Note that `--version=0` can be used to delete
an existing `version` override from a formula if it has become redundant.
If `--message=`message is passed, append message to the default PR
message.
Note that this command cannot be used to transition a formula from a
URL-and-sha256 style specification into a tag-and-revision style
specification, nor vice versa. It must use whichever style specification
the preexisting formula already uses.
* `create` URL [`--autotools`|`--cmake`|`--meson`] [`--no-fetch`] [`--set-name` name] [`--set-version` version] [`--tap` user`/`repo]:
Generate a formula for the downloadable file at URL and open it in the editor.
Homebrew will attempt to automatically derive the formula name
and version, but if it fails, you'll have to make your own template. The `wget`
formula serves as a simple example. For the complete API have a look at
.
If `--autotools` is passed, create a basic template for an Autotools-style build.
If `--cmake` is passed, create a basic template for a CMake-style build.
If `--meson` is passed, create a basic template for a Meson-style build.
If `--no-fetch` is passed, Homebrew will not download URL to the cache and
will thus not add the SHA256 to the formula for you.
The options `--set-name` and `--set-version` each take an argument and allow
you to explicitly set the name and version of the package you are creating.
The option `--tap` takes a tap as its argument and generates the formula in
the specified tap.
* `edit`:
Open all of Homebrew for editing.
* `edit` formula:
Open formula in the editor.
* `formula` formula:
Display the path where formula is located.
* `linkage` [`--test`] [`--reverse`] formula:
Checks the library links of an installed formula.
Only works on installed formulae. An error is raised if it is run on
uninstalled formulae.
If `--test` is passed, only display missing libraries and exit with a
non-zero exit code if any missing libraries were found.
If `--reverse` is passed, print the dylib followed by the binaries
which link to it for each library the keg references.
* `man` [`--fail-if-changed`]:
Generate Homebrew's manpages.
If `--fail-if-changed` is passed, the command will return a failing
status code if changes are detected in the manpage outputs.
This can be used for CI to be notified when the manpages are out of date.
Additionally, the date used in new manpages will match those in the existing
manpages (to allow comparison without factoring in the date).
* `pull` [`--bottle`] [`--bump`] [`--clean`] [`--ignore-whitespace`] [`--resolve`] [`--branch-okay`] [`--no-pbcopy`] [`--no-publish`] patch-source [patch-source]:
Gets a patch from a GitHub commit or pull request and applies it to Homebrew.
Optionally, installs the formulae changed by the patch.
Each patch-source may be one of:
~ The ID number of a PR (pull request) in the homebrew/core GitHub
repository
~ The URL of a PR on GitHub, using either the web page or API URL
formats. In this form, the PR may be on Homebrew/brew,
Homebrew/homebrew-core or any tap.
~ The URL of a commit on GitHub
~ A "https://bot.brew.sh/job/..." string specifying a testing job ID
If `--bottle` is passed, handle bottles, pulling the bottle-update
commit and publishing files on Bintray.
If `--bump` is passed, for one-formula PRs, automatically reword
commit message to our preferred format.
If `--clean` is passed, do not rewrite or otherwise modify the
commits found in the pulled PR.
If `--ignore-whitespace` is passed, silently ignore whitespace
discrepancies when applying diffs.
If `--resolve` is passed, when a patch fails to apply, leave in
progress and allow user to resolve, instead of aborting.
If `--branch-okay` is passed, do not warn if pulling to a branch
besides master (useful for testing).
If `--no-pbcopy` is passed, do not copy anything to the system
clipboard.
If `--no-publish` is passed, do not publish bottles to Bintray.
* `release-notes` [`--markdown`] [previous_tag] [end_ref]:
Output the merged pull requests on Homebrew/brew between two Git refs.
If no previous_tag is provided it defaults to the newest tag.
If no end_ref is provided it defaults to `origin/master`.
If `--markdown` is passed, output as a Markdown list.
* `tap-new` user`/`repo:
Generate the template files for a new tap.
* `test` [`--devel`|`--HEAD`] [`--debug`] [`--keep-tmp`] formula:
Most formulae provide a test method. `brew test` formula runs this
test method. There is no standard output or return code, but it should
generally indicate to the user if something is wrong with the installed
formula.
To test the development or head version of a formula, use `--devel` or
`--HEAD`.
If `--debug` is passed and the test fails, an interactive debugger will be
launched with access to IRB or a shell inside the temporary test directory.
If `--keep-tmp` is passed, the temporary files created for the test are
not deleted.
Example: `brew install jruby && brew test jruby`
* `tests` [`--verbose`] [`--coverage`] [`--generic`] [`--no-compat`] [`--only=`test_script[`:`line_number]] [`--seed` seed] [`--online`] [`--official-cmd-taps`]:
Run Homebrew's unit and integration tests. If provided,
`--only=`test_script runs only test_script_spec.rb, and `--seed`
randomizes tests with the provided value instead of a random seed.
If `--verbose` is passed, print the command that runs the tests.
If `--coverage` is passed, also generate code coverage reports.
If `--generic` is passed, only run OS-agnostic tests.
If `--no-compat` is passed, do not load the compatibility layer when
running tests.
If `--online` is passed, include tests that use the GitHub API.
If `--official-cmd-taps` is passed, include tests that use any of the
taps for official external commands.
* `update-test` [`--commit=`commit] [`--before=`date] [`--to-tag`] [`--keep-tmp`]:
Runs a test of `brew update` with a new repository clone.
If no arguments are passed, use `origin/master` as the start commit.
If `--commit=`commit is passed, use commit as the start commit.
If `--before=`date is passed, use the commit at date as the
start commit.
If `--to-tag` is passed, set `HOMEBREW_UPDATE_TO_TAG` to test updating
between tags.
If `--keep-tmp` is passed, retain the temporary directory containing
the new repository clone.
## OFFICIAL EXTERNAL COMMANDS
* `bundle`:
Bundler for non-Ruby dependencies from Homebrew:
* `cask`:
Install macOS applications distributed as binaries:
* `services`:
Integrates Homebrew formulae with macOS's `launchctl`(1) manager:
## CUSTOM EXTERNAL COMMANDS
Homebrew, like `git`(1), supports external commands. These are executable
scripts that reside somewhere in the `PATH`, named `brew-`cmdname or
`brew-`cmdname`.rb`, which can be invoked like `brew` cmdname. This allows you
to create your own commands without modifying Homebrew's internals.
Instructions for creating your own commands can be found in the docs:
## SPECIFYING FORMULAE
Many Homebrew commands accept one or more formula arguments. These arguments
can take several different forms:
* The name of a formula:
e.g. `git`, `node`, `wget`.
* The fully-qualified name of a tapped formula:
Sometimes a formula from a tapped repository may conflict with one in
`homebrew/core`.
You can still access these formulae by using a special syntax, e.g.
`homebrew/dupes/vim` or `homebrew/versions/node4`.
* An arbitrary URL:
Homebrew can install formulae via URL, e.g.
`https://raw.github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core/master/Formula/git.rb`.
The formula file will be cached for later use.
## ENVIRONMENT
* `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID`, `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY`:
When using the `S3` download strategy, Homebrew will look in
these variables for access credentials (see
to retrieve these access credentials from AWS). If they are not set,
the `S3` download strategy will download with a public
(unsigned) URL.
* `BROWSER`:
If set, and `HOMEBREW_BROWSER` is not, use `BROWSER` as the web browser
when opening project homepages.
* `EDITOR`:
If set, and `HOMEBREW_EDITOR` and `VISUAL` are not, use `EDITOR` as the text editor.
* `GIT`:
When using Git, Homebrew will use `GIT` if set,
a Homebrew-built Git if installed, or the system-provided binary.
Set this to force Homebrew to use a particular git binary.
* `HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN`:
If set, instructs Homebrew to use the given URL as a download mirror for bottles.
* `HOMEBREW_ARTIFACT_DOMAIN`:
If set, instructs Homebrew to use the given URL as a download mirror for bottles and binaries.
* `HOMEBREW_AUTO_UPDATE_SECS`:
If set, Homebrew will only check for autoupdates once per this seconds interval.
*Default:* `60`.
* `HOMEBREW_BROWSER`:
If set, uses this setting as the browser when opening project homepages,
instead of the OS default browser.
* `HOMEBREW_BUILD_FROM_SOURCE`:
If set, instructs Homebrew to compile from source even when a formula
provides a bottle. This environment variable is intended for use by
Homebrew developers. Please do not file issues if you encounter errors when
using this environment variable.
* `HOMEBREW_CACHE`:
If set, instructs Homebrew to use the given directory as the download cache.
*Default:* `~/Library/Caches/Homebrew`.
* `HOMEBREW_CURL_VERBOSE`:
If set, Homebrew will pass `--verbose` when invoking `curl`(1).
* `HOMEBREW_DEBUG`:
If set, any commands that can emit debugging information will do so.
* `HOMEBREW_DEBUG_INSTALL`:
When `brew install -d` or `brew install -i` drops into a shell,
`HOMEBREW_DEBUG_INSTALL` will be set to the name of the formula being
brewed.
* `HOMEBREW_DEBUG_PREFIX`:
When `brew install -d` or `brew install -i` drops into a shell,
`HOMEBREW_DEBUG_PREFIX` will be set to the target prefix in the Cellar
of the formula being brewed.
* `HOMEBREW_DEVELOPER`:
If set, Homebrew will tweak behaviour to be more relevant for Homebrew
developers (active or budding) e.g. turning warnings into errors.
* `HOMEBREW_EDITOR`:
If set, Homebrew will use this editor when editing a single formula, or
several formulae in the same directory.
*Note:* `brew edit` will open all of Homebrew as discontinuous files and
directories. TextMate can handle this correctly in project mode, but many
editors will do strange things in this case.
* `HOMEBREW_FORCE_VENDOR_RUBY`:
If set, Homebrew will always use its vendored, relocatable Ruby 2.0 version
even if the system version of Ruby is >=2.0.
* `HOMEBREW_GITHUB_API_TOKEN`:
A personal access token for the GitHub API, which you can create at
. If set, GitHub will allow you a
greater number of API requests. See
for more information.
Homebrew uses the GitHub API for features such as `brew search`.
*Note:* Homebrew doesn't require permissions for any of the scopes.
* `HOMEBREW_LOGS`:
If set, Homebrew will use the given directory to store log files.
* `HOMEBREW_MAKE_JOBS`:
If set, instructs Homebrew to use the value of `HOMEBREW_MAKE_JOBS` as
the number of parallel jobs to run when building with `make`(1).
*Default:* the number of available CPU cores.
* `HOMEBREW_NO_ANALYTICS`:
If set, Homebrew will not send analytics. See:
* `HOMEBREW_NO_AUTO_UPDATE`:
If set, Homebrew will not auto-update before running `brew install`,
`brew upgrade` or `brew tap`.
* `HOMEBREW_NO_EMOJI`:
If set, Homebrew will not print the `HOMEBREW_INSTALL_BADGE` on a
successful build.
*Note:* Homebrew will only try to print emoji on Lion or newer.
* `HOMEBREW_NO_INSECURE_REDIRECT`:
If set, Homebrew will not permit redirects from secure HTTPS
to insecure HTTP.
While ensuring your downloads are fully secure, this is likely
to cause from-source SourceForge, some GNU & GNOME based
formulae to fail to download.
* `HOMEBREW_NO_GITHUB_API`:
If set, Homebrew will not use the GitHub API for e.g searches or
fetching relevant issues on a failed install.
* `HOMEBREW_INSTALL_BADGE`:
Text printed before the installation summary of each successful build.
Defaults to the beer emoji.
* `HOMEBREW_SVN`:
When exporting from Subversion, Homebrew will use `HOMEBREW_SVN` if set,
a Homebrew-built Subversion if installed, or the system-provided binary.
Set this to force Homebrew to use a particular `svn` binary.
* `HOMEBREW_TEMP`:
If set, instructs Homebrew to use `HOMEBREW_TEMP` as the temporary directory
for building packages. This may be needed if your system temp directory and
Homebrew Prefix are on different volumes, as macOS has trouble moving
symlinks across volumes when the target does not yet exist.
This issue typically occurs when using FileVault or custom SSD
configurations.
* `HOMEBREW_VERBOSE`:
If set, Homebrew always assumes `--verbose` when running commands.
* `VISUAL`:
If set, and `HOMEBREW_EDITOR` is not, use `VISUAL` as the text editor.
## USING HOMEBREW BEHIND A PROXY
Homebrew uses several commands for downloading files (e.g. `curl`, `git`, `svn`).
Many of these tools can download via a proxy. It's common for these tools
to read proxy parameters from environment variables.
For the majority of cases setting `http_proxy` is enough. You can set this in
your shell profile, or you can use it before a brew command:
http_proxy=http://host:port brew install foo
If your proxy requires authentication:
http_proxy=http://user:password@host:port brew install foo
## SEE ALSO
Homebrew Documentation:
`brew-cask`(1), `git`(1), `git-log`(1)
## AUTHORS
Homebrew's lead maintainer is Mike McQuaid.
Homebrew's current maintainers are Alyssa Ross, Andrew Janke, Baptiste Fontaine, Alex Dunn, FX Coudert, ilovezfs, Josh Hagins, JCount, Misty De Meo, neutric, Tomasz Pajor, Markus Reiter, Tim Smith, Tom Schoonjans, Uladzislau Shablinski and William Woodruff.
Former maintainers with significant contributions include Xu Cheng, Martin Afanasjew, Dominyk Tiller, Brett Koonce, Jack Nagel, Adam Vandenberg and Homebrew's creator: Max Howell.
## BUGS
See our issues on GitHub:
* Homebrew/brew
* Homebrew/homebrew-core
[SYNOPSIS]: #SYNOPSIS "SYNOPSIS"
[DESCRIPTION]: #DESCRIPTION "DESCRIPTION"
[ESSENTIAL COMMANDS]: #ESSENTIAL-COMMANDS "ESSENTIAL COMMANDS"
[COMMANDS]: #COMMANDS "COMMANDS"
[DEVELOPER COMMANDS]: #DEVELOPER-COMMANDS "DEVELOPER COMMANDS"
[OFFICIAL EXTERNAL COMMANDS]: #OFFICIAL-EXTERNAL-COMMANDS "OFFICIAL EXTERNAL COMMANDS"
[CUSTOM EXTERNAL COMMANDS]: #CUSTOM-EXTERNAL-COMMANDS "CUSTOM EXTERNAL COMMANDS"
[SPECIFYING FORMULAE]: #SPECIFYING-FORMULAE "SPECIFYING FORMULAE"
[ENVIRONMENT]: #ENVIRONMENT "ENVIRONMENT"
[USING HOMEBREW BEHIND A PROXY]: #USING-HOMEBREW-BEHIND-A-PROXY "USING HOMEBREW BEHIND A PROXY"
[SEE ALSO]: #SEE-ALSO "SEE ALSO"
[AUTHORS]: #AUTHORS "AUTHORS"
[BUGS]: #BUGS "BUGS"
[-]: -.html