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Writing the long flag here helps the user understand what the command does. The short flag is more appropriate for interactive use of `brew`.
87 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
87 lines
3.4 KiB
Markdown
# Tips and Tricks
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## Install previous versions of formulae
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Some formulae in `homebrew/core` are made available as [versioned formulae](Versions.md) using a special naming format, e.g. `gcc@7`. If the version you're looking for isn't available, consider using `brew extract`.
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## Quickly remove something from Homebrew's prefix
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```sh
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brew unlink <formula>
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```
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This can be useful if a package can't build against the version of something you have linked into Homebrew's prefix.
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And of course, you can simply `brew link <formula>` again afterwards!
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## Pre-download a file for a formula
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Sometimes it's faster to download a file via means other than the strategies that are available as part of Homebrew. For example, Erlang provides a torrent that'll let you download at 4–5× compared to the normal HTTP method.
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Downloads are saved in the `downloads` subdirectory of Homebrew's cache directory (as specified by `brew --cache`, e.g. `~/Library/Caches/Homebrew`) and renamed as `<url-hash>--<formula>-<version>`. The command `brew --cache --build-from-source <formula>` will print the expected path of the cached download, so after downloading the file, you can run `mv the_tarball "$(brew --cache --build-from-source <formula>)"` to relocate it to the cache.
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You can also pre-cache the download by using the command `brew fetch <formula>` which also displays the SHA-256 hash. This can be useful for updating formulae to new versions.
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## Install stuff without the Xcode CLT
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```sh
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brew sh # or: eval "$(brew --env)"
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gem install ronn # or c-programs
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```
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This imports the `brew` environment into your existing shell; `gem` will pick up the environment variables and be able to build. As a bonus, `brew`'s automatically determined optimization flags are set.
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## Install only a formula's dependencies (not the formula)
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```sh
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brew install --only-dependencies <formula>
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```
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## Use the interactive Homebrew shell
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```sh
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$ brew irb
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==> Interactive Homebrew Shell
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Example commands available with: `brew irb --examples`
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irb(main):001:0> Formulary.factory("ace").methods - Object.methods
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=> [:install, :test, :test_defined?, :sbin, :pkgshare, :elisp,
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:frameworks, :kext_prefix, :any_version_installed?, :etc, :pkgetc,
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...
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:on_macos, :on_linux, :debug?, :quiet?, :verbose?, :with_context]
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irb(main):002:0>
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```
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## Hide the beer mug emoji when finishing a build
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```sh
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export HOMEBREW_NO_EMOJI=1
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```
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This sets the `HOMEBREW_NO_EMOJI` environment variable, causing Homebrew to hide all emoji.
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The beer emoji can also be replaced with other character(s):
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```sh
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export HOMEBREW_INSTALL_BADGE="☕️ 🐸"
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```
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## Editor plugins
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### Sublime Text
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- [Homebrew-formula-syntax](https://github.com/samueljohn/Homebrew-formula-syntax) can be installed with Package Control in Sublime Text 2/3, which adds highlighting for inline patches.
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### Vim
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- [brew.vim](https://github.com/xu-cheng/brew.vim) adds highlighting to inline patches in Vim.
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### Emacs
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- [homebrew-mode](https://github.com/dunn/homebrew-mode) provides syntax highlighting for inline patches as well as a number of helper functions for editing formula files.
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- [pcmpl-homebrew](https://github.com/hiddenlotus/pcmpl-homebrew) provides completion for emacs shell-mode and eshell-mode.
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### Atom
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- [language-homebrew-formula](https://atom.io/packages/language-homebrew-formula) adds highlighting and diff support (with the [language-diff](https://atom.io/packages/language-diff) plugin).
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